Frederick Leike
The volunteer enlistment form for Leike. This form states that he had black eyes, black hair, and black complexion.
Source: Military Service Record, NARA
The muster roll for the months of May and June 1864. The remarks state that Leike was on arrest for sleeping on post since June 29, 1864.
Source: Military Service Record, NARA
The muster roll for the months of January and February 1865. The remarks state that Leike was absent in confinement at Fort Marion, Florida since November 27, 1864 by sentence of General Court Martial. He also had a stoppage of pay for forty dollars.
Source: Military Service Record, NARA
This paper states that Leike's pension was last paid on October 4, 1892 and he has been dropped because of his death.
Source: Military Service Record, NARA
Frederick Leike (variously spelled Leek) enlisted into Company C of the 102nd United States Colored Troops on February 10, 1864 at Ypsilanti, Michigan. He was a 25-year-old illiterate farmer who was born in Tennessee. On June 29, 1864, he was arrested for sleeping at his post while guarding the regiment’s commissary stores. His court martial for sleeping on the post was held on November 9, 1864. His court martial likely was delayed because he was sick, being hospitalized during September and October. At his trial he was found guilty of sleeping on post and was sentenced to four months confinement, at hard labor at Fort Marion, St. Augustine, Florida He was also fined forfeit ten dollars of his pay every month he was in confinement. He was at Fort Marion from November 29, 1864 until March 20, 1865. After he was released, he returned to his Company for duty and was mustered out of the military on September 30, 1865 at Charleston, South Carolina with the rest of the regiment.
After leaving the military, Leike lived in Battle Creek, Michigan from September 1865 to April 1866. From Battle Creek he moved to Chicago where he lived until his death in 1892. He married Laura A Gould, on June 19, 1871. They lived together on 523 28th Street. Leike claimed that he could not work because of bad eyesight and severe headaches so he applied for a disability pension. He was given a medical examination on January 8, 1890 and the surgeon stated that there was permanent damage to Leike’s eyes. Dr. Wesley Vincent, the surgeon for the 102nd U.S.C.T. during the war sent the pension office a statement saying that he knew of Leike and remembered him to be unfit for duty. Leike claimed that his eyes started to fail towards the end of the war and that his head pains were due to a sunstroke he had during service while at stationed at Hilton Head, South Carolina. He was formally diagnosed with disease of the eyes and severe headaches due to sunstroke. He was additionally diagnosed with impairment of his nervous system, mental derangement, rheumatism and affliction of the lungs, weakness of legs, and general disability. His pension claim was approved on the basis of disease of the eyes and was awarded a pension of twelve dollars a month beginning July 17, 1890.
On October 16, 1892, Frederick Leike died in Chicago, Illinois at the age of 56. He left behind his widow, Laura A. Leike, who applied to receive a widow’s pension on October 24, 1892. She claimed that she was 47 years old, weak, disabled, and had no occupation. Witnesses testified that she had not remarried since Leike had died. In 1902, her pension claim was still pending, and she had moved to Humboldt, Kansas. Her pension claim was then abandoned and she never received the pension. There was no indication as to why there was such a delay in her getting a pension or why her claim was abandoned.
Incidentally, the census records of 1880 record both Frederick and Laura as white. It is not known if they were actually white or just white passing. There are no other census records that record Frederick. After Laura moved to Kansas, she was still listed as white on the 1900 and 1910 censuses.
This is a letter written by Leike on November 29, 1889. He is describing all the places he has lived and where he has worked since the end of the Civil War. On Leike's enlistment papers he had to sing his name by using "his mark" and just making an x which signified that he was illiterate. This letter shows that he had learned to read and write.
Source: Military Service Record, NARA
This is the pension approval paper for Leike. It states that he will get twelve dollars a month starting on July 17, 1890.
Source: Military Service Record, NARA
Laura's pension claim was abandoned, presumably because she did not provide the pension office with all the documents needed to get a pension.
Source: Military Service Record, NARA
This is Laura Leike's application for a widow's pension.
Source: Pension File, NARA
This is the 1880 census which lists both Frederick and Laura living together in Chicago. What is odd about this census is that it list them both as being white, when Frederick had been in the 102nd United States Colored Troops. If Frederick was black and Laura white, they would not have been able to marry each other as interracial marriage was not legal. Frederick's skin could have been light enough to pass as a white person.
Source: United States Census, 1880
This is the 1888 voter registration for Chicago. This document also states that Frederick was white.
Source: Chicago Voter Registration, 1888
This is the 1990 voter registration for Chicago. This document contradicts previous documents as it states that Frederick is colored. In this case, who ever was doing the register may have looked at Frederick and determined that he had dark skin and was colored.
Source: Chicago Voter Registration. 1990
This is the 1900 census for Homboldt, Kansas. It shows Laura as white.
Source: United States Census, 1900
This is the 1910 census for Homboldt, Kansas. It again shows that Laura is white.
Source: United States Census, 1910